New Progress in China's transformer
In recent years, the power of the core material and the conductive material prices of electronic transformers used in a continuous rise, the upstream raw material forming a seller's market. As power users downstream electronic transformer, you can choose and purchase, form a buyer's market on a global scale. In the middle of the electronic transformer industry, only the path of technological innovation, in order to bail out of this two bullied. However, in a mature electronic transformer industry more difficult technological innovation. But every detail of the improvements, we can bring new ideas and new products.
Take the road of technological innovation, we should always remember to achieve. The power of electronic transformers, like all any technological innovation as a commodity product, must be done under specific conditions of use specific functions in pursuit of the best cost performance. Now power products, in general to "light, thin, short, small" for the characteristics to miniaturization and portability development. Electronic transformer must adapt as the user's power supply products for size and weight requirements. Meanwhile, raw materials (core material and conductive material) electronic transformer prices. Therefore, how to reduce the size and weight, how to reduce costs, become the main direction of development in recent years, electronic transformers.
Silicon is the core material in electronic transformer frequency power large-scale use. To reduce the amount of electronic transformer core, silicon steel work must enhance magnetic flux density (flux density). Silicon steel flux density is determined by both the saturation magnetic flux density, and depending on the loss. Because efficiency is an important performance index of electronic transformers, now, to save energy, many power supplies have raised standby loss requirements. Electronic transformer core loss is a major component of the standby losses, and therefore, all of the efficiency or loss of electronic transformers a clear strict requirements.
In recent years, orientation and non-oriented silicon steel cold-rolled prices, winding ring core, compared to the R type, CD type and EI type core, due to the low consumption of materials, you can save more than 20% of the core material costs, and expand the electronic Transformer range. Wound toroidal core can give full play to the performance oriented cold-rolled silicon steel, cold rolled steel compared with the non-oriented, work flux density is much higher. At the same time, unlike R type, CD type and EI-type core that can take full advantage of silicon material, there will be no scrap, material utilization can reach more than 98%.
After a large class of an electronic transformer frequency transformer, using high flux density core material may not reduce the core section and volume, but to reduce the number of turns and reduce the amount of copper. In the case of copper prices are now much higher than the core material, may be a better one design improvements.
Ferrite core material is, the high-frequency power in the extensive use of electronic transformers, and the metal soft magnetic material as compared to the saturation flux density ferrite is low, low permeability, Curie temperature is low, is it several major weaknesses. Especially low Curie temperature, saturation flux density Bs and unit volume power loss Pcv will vary with temperature. Temperature rise, Bs decreased, Pcv began to decline, and then rise to the valley point. Therefore, under high temperature conditions, as long as the Bs to maintain a high level, you can get the job flux density Bm selected to be higher, thus reducing the number of turns, reduce the amount and cost of copper. High temperature and high saturation flux density ferrite materials, can expand the use of electronic transformers temperature limit to 120 or even 150 Yi Yi. For example, automotive electronics high-frequency electronic transformers, to work under conditions of ambient temperature variation in the engine compartment heat and high temperature conditions, it is necessary to use high temperature and high saturation flux density ferrite. Soft magnetic composites (SMC) is the 1990s developed a new type of soft magnetic material, the starting point is trying to metal soft magnetic material to the operating frequency MHz and GHz-class level extension, so the metal soft magnetic materials and other high-resistance materials, such as composite quartz, ceramics, polymer materials together, as long as the control volume percentage of the metal soft magnetic material in the percolation below the limit, it is likely to remain soft magnetic properties, but also reduce the variety of high-frequency loss, has become a new soft magnetic materials - soft magnetic composite materials, take the first letter of the English name, referred to as the SMC material. Soft magnetic composite magnetic particles can be iron, nickel, cobalt metal, iron-nickel alloy, iron-nickel-molybdenum alloy, iron alloy, iron-based amorphous alloy, iron-based alloys and ferrite after crushing made of powder. The non-magnetic object may be an insulator such as silicon dioxide, silicon resins, polyethylene, epoxy resin and other polymer materials as an adhesive and stearic acid as lubricant. Mixing magnetic particles and non-magnetic objects, you can go through insulated handle, press forming, sintering and other processes processed into powder cores can also be used now plastic engineering technology, molded into complex shapes core. Advantages of soft magnetic composite material is low density, light weight, high efficiency, low cost, product consistency. The disadvantage is between the magnetic particles are separated by non-magnetic objects blocking magnetic permeability are now generally less than 100, recently reported by nanotechnology and other measures, we have developed a magnetic permeability of more than 1000 of the soft magnetic composites maximum up to 6000.
Soft Polymer Composites has developed rapidly in recent years, it has been manufactured in foreign countries frequency power transformer and inductor with this material, and to establish the corresponding theory and design procedures. According to the authors' knowledge, although carried out research and development of domestic soft polymer material, but have yet to see reported for power electronic transformer.
Now, the country is being developed for a variety of aluminum wire electronic transformer power supply. Some companies have developed a copper clad aluminum wire, copper wire in the outer layer, representing an area of 15% of the total share of 3.63 g / cm3, consider the trend table effect and proximity effect, this copper-clad aluminum wire resistivity than aluminum wire would small lot, while increasing the cost much, is a full effect of copper and aluminum composite materials.
In recent years, other trends worth noting, is the choice of the temperature index, high heat levels 180 and 220 polyester-imide enameled QZY QYZ polyimide enameled wire allowable current density increases, reduce wire diameter, with copper reduction, reducing the core window area also reduce the amount of iron that can reduce the overall cost. Especially for the requirements of small low-power high-frequency power transformer, using better heat resistance wire, can show technical and economic benefits.
AC voltage conversion technology power technology and power electronics technology included, is a "pure" electronic transformer can also boost low pressure into high-pressure transformation into a low-pressure or high-voltage step-down conversion, the main method It is the use of power electronics technology to improve power conversion frequency, thereby reducing the size of the transformer and inductor circuit, not abolish them transformers and inductors. Previously, this kind of method to power electronic circuits and electronic transformers combine, did not cause enough attention. In recent years, with the power system requirements to reduce the input and output harmonics, improve network power factor, to achieve "green transformation" is growing, at home and abroad to carry out research "Power Electronic Transformer", and before the rise of the research and development boom. Study how power electronics technology for electric power conversion and control, power electronic transformers instead of the traditional electromagnetic type distribution transformers. Now there are single-phase and three-phase conversion and other conversion circuit form, which not only can be used to power electronic transformer high-voltage high-current power sector, it may also be used for high or low voltage low current areas, such as some of the high-voltage power generator and a small power regulator power supplies.